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The Western version of the prayer is thus not derived from the Greek version: even the earliest Western forms have no trace of the Greek version's phrases: " Mother of God and Virgin" and " for thou hast given birth to the Saviour of our souls". But at about the same time the name "Jesus" was also added, to specify who was meant by the phrase "the fruit of thy womb". Saint Thomas Aquinas spoke of the name "Mary", which served to indicate who was the "full of grace" person mentioned, as the only word added at his time to the Biblical text. 7th century) the use of the first part, namely the angel's greeting the Mary, without that of Elizabeth, as a prayer. The text also appears in the account of the annunciation contained in the apocryphal Infancy Gospel of Matthew, in chapter 9.Īfter considering the use of similar words in Syriac, Greek and Latin in the 6th century, the article on the Hail Mary in the Catholic Encyclopedia concludes that "there is little or no trace of the Hail Mary as an accepted devotional formula before about 1050", though a later pious tale attributed to Ildephonsus of Toledo (fl. The form of the verb is intensive, hence the translations "full of grace". Grammatically, the word is the feminine present perfect passive voice participle of the verb χαριτόω, charitóō, which means "to show, or bestow with, grace" and, in the passive voice, "to have grace shown, or bestowed upon, one". The word κεχαριτωμένη, (kecharitōménē), here translated as "full of grace", admits of various translations. Accordingly, both "Hail" and "Rejoice" are valid English translations of the word. This was the normal greeting in the language in which Saint Luke's Gospel is written and continues to be used in the same sense in Modern Greek. The opening word of greeting, χαῖρε, chaíre, here translated "Hail", literally has the meaning "Rejoice", "Be glad". The first of the two passages from Saint Luke's Gospel is the greeting of the Angel Gabriel to Mary, originally written in Koine Greek.